The inaugural case of the recently identified coronavirus sub-variant, JN.1, was identified through analysis of a specimen obtained from a 79-year-old woman residing in Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala. In response to this discovery, the Central government issued a comprehensive advisory to all states, urging heightened vigilance and precautionary measures.
An earlier instance of the JN.1 sub-variant surfaced when a traveler from Tamil Nadu's Tiruchirapalli district tested positive for it in Singapore. Recognizing the imminent festive season, the advisory underscored the imperative need for implementing essential public health measures. Emphasis was placed on the significance of minimizing disease transmission risks through strict adherence to respiratory hygiene practices.
The advisory specifically instructed states to actively monitor and report cases of influenza-like illness and severe acute respiratory illnesses on a district-wise basis across all health facilities. Moreover, states were tasked with consistently updating information on the Integrated Health Information Platform and ensuring comprehensive testing protocols in every district.
The JN.1 variant of COVID is recognized as a descendant of the Omicron sub-variant BA.2.86 or Pirola. Its origins trace back to the United States, where it was initially identified in September 2023. A Reuters report revealed that China recorded seven infections of this specific sub-variant on December 15.
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the BA.2.86 sub-variant exhibits a concerning profile, with a total of 20 mutations on the spike protein. This is noteworthy as viruses utilize spike proteins to attach themselves to host cells. Symptoms associated with the JN.1 sub-variant encompass mild fever, coughing, nasal discomfort, sore throat, runny nose, facial pain or pressure, headaches, and gastrointestinal issues.
Given its heightened transmissibility, experts have observed that JN.1 has become a predominant strain of COVID-19. Consequently, it is imperative to implement robust measures to prevent its proliferation and mitigate the potential impact on public health.
