The programme will screen infants for 56 genetic and metabolic disorders, including conditions like Congenital hypothyroidism, Phenylketonuria, and Cystic fibrosis. It will be implemented across both government and private hospitals in Delhi and offered completely free of cost. Until now, Kerala was the only state to provide comprehensive newborn screening at this scale.
Experts emphasise that such testing is crucial because many genetic and metabolic disorders do not show symptoms at birth but can become life-threatening if left untreated. Early detection allows timely intervention, often before irreversible damage occurs. This is particularly important in India, where many infant deaths happen within days of birth without a clear diagnosis.
The initiative also addresses the high cost of testing, which typically ranges between Rs 7,000 and Rs 15,000. By making screening free, the scheme significantly improves accessibility and encourages early diagnosis for all newborns. Doctors note that untreated conditions can lead to severe neurological issues, developmental delays, and lifelong disabilities.
The screening process involves collecting a small blood sample from the baby’s heel within 24 to 72 hours after birth. This sample is then analysed for inherited conditions caused by abnormalities in DNA, including gene mutations or chromosomal issues. Early identification can help prevent complications such as brain damage, impaired growth, and physical disabilities.
Several serious conditions fall under this screening, including Sickle cell disease and Duchenne muscular dystrophy, both of which can severely impact quality of life if not managed early. Experts stress that while a positive screening result requires confirmation, it provides a critical first step toward timely treatment and better long-term outcomes.
